The mobile industry reduced its operational carbon emissions by 8% between 2019 and 2023, even as mobile connections rose by 9% and data traffic quadrupled, according to GSMA’s latest Mobile Net Zero report. The findings indicate the sector is beginning to decouple emissions from growth, a contrast to the global average, which saw emissions rise by 4% over the same period.
Annual reduction rate must double
To stay on course for net zero by 2050, the industry needs to cut emissions by 7.5% annually until 2030, more than double the average achieved so far. Preliminary 2024 data suggest a 4.5% drop, showing some acceleration but still falling short of what’s needed.
Renewables energy usage has tripled since 2019
In 2023, 37% of electricity used by mobile operators reporting to CDP came from renewable sources – up from 13% in 2019 – helping avoid 16 million tonnes of emissions. Europe, North America, and Latin America are leading the way, with China showing promising progress in 2024.
Circular economy gaining importance
The report also highlights a growing focus on circularity and Scope 3 emissions, which represent over two-thirds of the industry’s footprint. GSMA notes that buying a refurbished device, such as a used Apple iPhone, can reduce emissions by up to 90% compared to purchasing a new one. Demand for longevity, repairability, and refurbished devices is rising, and the secondary market is projected to reach € 140 billion by 2027.
Climate transition plans on the rise
More operators are now creating detailed climate transition plans, mapping risks and strategies toward net zero. GSMA’s Climate Action Programme will focus on supporting this shift in the coming year.
Industry called to act faster
Steven Moore, GSMA’s Head of Climate Action, says: “The industry isn’t greenwashing – it’s green acting. But the pace must double. Broader access to renewables, clearer policy signals, and deeper collaboration across the ecosystem are essential to reach our targets.”
Conclusion
It's encouraging to see the global mobile industry making progress in reducing its environmental footprint. However, as the report highlights, the current pace of decline is still insufficient to meet the 2050 net zero goal. While the GSMA rightly promotes refurbished devices as a more sustainable option than buying new, we believe there’s an even better alternative: choose used over refurbished. It’s the most sustainable choice available today.
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